The ability to change the logical schema, without changing the external schema or user view, is called logical data independence.
This is as opposed to an external schema that reflects an individual's view of the data, or the conceptual schema that is the integration of a set of external schemas.
Physical data independence is the capacity to alter the internal schema without changing the conceptual schema.
Logical data independence is the capacity to alter the conceptual schema without having to change the external schema.
The ability to change the physical schema without changing the logical schema is called physical data independence.
Physical Data independence: The ability to change the logical Schema without changing the External schema is called Logical Data independence.
Physical Data independence: The ability to change the logical Schema without changing the External schema is called Logical Data independence.
Requêtes fréquentes français :1-200, -1k, -2k, -3k, -4k, -5k, -7k, -10k, -20k, -40k, -100k, -200k, -500k, -1000k,
Requêtes fréquentes anglais :1-200, -1k, -2k, -3k, -4k, -5k, -7k, -10k, -20k, -40k, -100k, -200k, -500k, -1000k,
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