The hit signals are indicative of a corresponding detector (18) being hit by a radiation photon.

The interventional instruments carries an optical module to generate photonic radiation endowed with orbital optical momentum (OAM).

(r) the estimated maximum photon and neutron leakage during the use of any teletherapy machine; and

(r) the estimated maximum photon and neutron leakage during the use of any teletherapy machine;

Using a gas detector, photonic radiation is emitted over a first range of frequencies and through a pathway.

Using a gas detector (300), photonic radiation is emitted over a first range of frequencies and through a pathway (315).

An optical reflector (6) can be positioned at one end of the light pipe to direct all photon emission from a single light pipe end.

Either there was a lot more photon radiation at the relevant wavelengths, or the hydrogen gas was much colder than predicted.

Photonic radiation energy that passes through the tuned electronically tunable filter element and impinges on the detector is measured to form a spectral absorption signature characterizing constituents of gas in the pathway.

Photonic radiation energy that passes through the tuned electronically tunable filter element and impinges on the detector is measured to form a spectral absorption signature characterizing constituents of gas in the pathway.

Said telomers are deposited in the form of varnishes or lacquers on metal substrates particularly based on aluminum and are crosslinked at high speed by means of photonic or electronic radiation.

Fluorescence (or epifluorescence ) microscopy is a technique using an optical microscope equipped with the laser emitter of a photon radiation having a precise wavelength.

Fluorescence (or epifluorescence ) microscopy is a technique using an optical microscope equipped with the laser emitter of a photon radiation having a precise wavelength.

A method including forming a film on a substrate including a first moiety and a different second moiety; exposing the film to photonic or charged particle radiation; and patterning the film.

In one embodiment, the first carrier (41) has an adhesive that becomes less adherent when exposed to a predetermined stimulus (such as a given temperature range or a given frequency range of photonic energy).

For example, many photon survey meters have been found to respond inaccurately when subjected to the pulsed, high energy radiation fields produced by typical medical linear accelerators.