Running in the kernel space is an event monitor.

Running in the user space is an event collector, an event player, and a concurrency error detector.

The up-scaling and analysis filters are adaptively selected according to local kernel cost.

This setup allows one to debug device driver software and other software that executes in kernel space using existing user space error detectors.

The existence of errors and bugs in device drivers and other software operating in kernel space may be difficult to find and eliminate.