This void-column morphology can be controlled with deposition conditions and the porosity can be varied up to 90 %.

The surface includes a ratio of the surface solidity divided by the surface porosity that is 1.8 or greater.

A metallic glass-coated microwire (1) has controllable surface porosity.

It is shown that a void is formed in the element, the thickness of which is decreased.

Composite materials comprising as one phase a substrate and BN or other a boron-nitrogen reaction product as a further phase, in surface porosity or in surface porosity and on a surface of the substrate, are claimed.

The geometric features define a surface porosity by area percent and a corresponding surface solidity by area percent.

A coating (56) is applied to improve abrasive performance and reduce surface porosity.

One aspect of the invention relates to a highly asymmetric, hydrophilic microfiltration membrane with high surface porosity.

Since the radiation comes from within the material, the problem presented by surface porosity is greatly mitigated.

The particles thus produced have an increase in surface porosity and uniformity in a variety of applications.

The second resin layer (10) is placed on the backside of the circuit element (16), thereby preventing a void from being formed.

The open surface porosity at the interface between the adjacent vertebral bodies and the prosthesis enhances the opportunity for axial bone growth to take place, and ultimately, for fusion of the adjacent vertebral bodies to occur.

The SiC-based sintered product comprises at least SiC and Si as the constitutional components, and has an average surface roughness of 5 to 100 μm or a surface porosity of 0.3% or more.

If the material used in the bodies has a strong surface porosity, the channels formed from the rod-shaped bodies become strongly attenuating to the electromagnetic waves.

The scaffold has a graded porosity with high porosity at a surface of the scaffold, and low porosity at a core of the scaffold.