We used a ligand-protected gold nanocluster that contains exactly 25 gold atoms to convert CO2.

No GNPs were detected by the hyperspectral camera in the areas between the cells.

The hyperspectral camera did not detect any GNPs in the areas between the cells.

The tiny space between the arms is prepared with a gold nano particle which touches the one arm and leaves a gap of about one nanometre to the other arm.

To make CRISPR-Gold, a gold nanoparticle is covered with a forest of DNA oligonucleotides and decorated with Cas9 ribonucleoproteins, complexes of protein and guide RNA.

As for the gold nanoparticle, it is supposedly harmless, especially if it is coated with a silica layer, but then again conflicting findings have been published.

The sample is a gold-palladium nanoparticle imaged at 1000 °C on a Thermo Scientific Titan equipped with an image corrector and our Wildfire in situ heating system.