Described is an apparatus for the production of an elemental metal from a metal-containing compound comprising a solution containing ions of a first metal and a second metal, wherein the second metal is in colloidal form, and a related method.

The first phase comprises an oxide of at least a first metal and a second metal; the second phase comprises a metal in its metallic phase.

The metal is fed to the metal receiver in the form of powder or as a powder with additions of chemical compounds.

In some embodiments, methods involve forming an anodization layer on an underlying metal that permits an underlying metal surface to be viewable.

First, silicon metal is produced in the form of a metal powder encapsulated in a salt or salts.

The pattern material is then removed and liquid, liquid-solid or powdery metal is introduced into the mold; when powdery metal is introduced into the mold, it is at least partially liquefied.

Also, the most preferred crystal orientation is one that is the same as that of the underlying metal.

The under-barrier metal layer (12) has a plurality of tiny concavities (12a).

The compositions have novel structures that incorporate nanoporous silicon and other metal, metalloid, or metal-oxide nanowires in form of three-dimensional scaffolds.

FGM is processed by powder cold spraying ceramic-metal layers, the final shape is pre-pressed by cold isostatic pressing and is then sintered using field activated sintering technique (FAST).

The leach solution containing the target metal is then separated from the remaining source material and is subsequently treated with a reducing agent to recover the metal as a solid.

A liquid metal evaporation source for use in Molecular Beam Epitaxy and related metal vacuum deposition techniques.

The electrochemical cell comprises a cathode compartment, wherein a metal in a solid form is disposed in the cathode compartment.

These may occur at any time from excavation of the ore that contains the metal in mineral form through production of the metal in marketable form.

The solid material may include an admixture of a metal and a metal halide in the form of spheres of high purity, uniform size and uniform composition.