694 (red) Q-switched ruby (pulsed) Epidermal and dermal pigmented lesions; blue, black and green tattoos

In 1962, Willard Boyle, working at Bell Labs, produced the first continuous output from a ruby laser.

The Soviet Union invested some effort in the development of ruby and carbon dioxide lasers as anti-ballistic missile systems, and later as a tracking and anti-satellite system.

The Soviets invested some effort in the development of ruby and carbon dioxide lasers as anti-ballistic missile systems, and later as a tracking and anti-satellite system.

Boyle’s major contributions include the first continuously operating ruby laser, which he invented with Don Nelson in 1962.

Boyle was part of several discoveries at Bell Labs, including creating the first continuously operating ruby LASER with colleague Don Nelson in 1962.

Ruby laser beam on the moon of illumination is about 0.02 lux (light illumination units), the color red, laser spot is visible to the naked eye.

Two years later, a continuous ruby laser was made by replacing the flash lamp with an arc lamp.

Two years later, a continuous lasing ruby was made by replacing the flash lamp with an arc lamp.

A ruby laser most often consists of a ruby rod that must be pumped with very high energy, usually from a flashtube, to achieve a population inversion.

Ruby Laser is used to remove rare tattoo colours like lime green and sky blue.

Another method, used at high, fixed frequencies with very weak radio signals, is to use a ruby maser tapped delay line.

Another method, used at high, fixed frequencies with very weak radio signals, is to use a ruby maser tapped delay line.

Typical power output for ruby lasers is 10–20 W, while the Nd:YAG laser outputs between 0.04–6,000 W. To deliver the laser beam to the weld area, fiber optics are usually employed.

Typical power output for ruby lasers is 10–20 W, while the Nd:YAG laser outputs between 0.04–6,000 W. To deliver the laser beam to the weld area, fiber optics are usually employed.