Monitoring and continuous control of the process water quality

Removal of calcium from process water by controlled precipitation of calcium carbonate

The invention relates to a method for decalcifying process water, and a nozzle and a device for use in such a method.

The process water may contain primary circulating water from the paper production steps or process water from the white water recovery system.

Counter-current flow of process water and water recirculation

A further step of the method is discharging foam arising at the surface of the process water (10).

Aspects further provide a method for increasing recovery of substances contained in process water, and a method for cleaning a stagnant process water pond.

The process and facility may be used for treating process water from wet process phosphate acid production.

In the lines (2; 29; 30) that guide process water, sub-streams with drinking water quality are present.

Counter-current flow of process water and separation of water systems.

Removal of calcium from process water by a controlled precipitation of calcium carbonate

The invention provides a method for producing a water-absorbent resin as well as a water-absorbent resin obtained thereby.

In a process for electrolysis of water in alkaline medium, the cathode is an electrode of conducting material, the surface of which is activated by treatment with tungstic or molybdic acid or with the corresponding isopolyacids or heteropolyacids.

The process requires the continuous removal of water produced during the process.

A water treatment process is disclosed.