The described salts are effective shale inhibitors.

The described salts are effective shale inhibitors.

Risks Withdrawal Clay Swelling: little considered to date;

Does that prevent the sort of wildfires that are currently causing so much damage?

It is particularly suitable as a clay and/or shale inhibitor.

The present invention concerns the use of a novel additive as an agent for inhibiting the swelling of clays, in particular in the field of boreholes.

The present invention can be effectively utilized to inhibit clay swelling for treating and/or pretreating down-hole formations during well stimulation.

Carbon dioxide buffers water-based systems to a pH of 3.2, controlling clay-swelling and iron and aluminum hydroxide precipitation.

A first water-based displacement fluid that contains a shale inhibitor is introduced into the wellbore to displace the water-based drilling fluids from the uncased section of the wellbore.

The described salts are effective shale inhibitors.

The described salts are effective shale inhibitors.

Risks Withdrawal Clay Swelling: little considered to date;

Does that prevent the sort of wildfires that are currently causing so much damage?

It is particularly suitable as a clay and/or shale inhibitor.

Preferred nanoparticulate clays are bentonite clays and hectorite clays.