Some species evolve in open water (pelagic species) and others near the bottom (benthic species)

Identification and counts of seabirds, mammals, reptiles (turtles), sensitive benthic species and vulnerable species

In 1976, 394 benthic species were recorded, in 1995 only 88 species.

This allows for the constant streaming of shoals of predators, benthic species and a unique flora.

Seagrass beds are increasingly abundant from north to south and are home to 125 benthic species and 158 seaweed species (Tien 2000).

The application of this framework to additional benthic habitat, communities and species will require modifications to the ERAF.

underwater visual inventory of the benthic species and assemblages by transect or quadrant sampling;

In addition, thanks to the discards, a trophic circuit was created in which benthic species to be found at the bottom feed on discarded species.

Recent research at the seamount has resulted in the discovery of four rare benthic species, including three new species of glass sponges.

Recent research at the seamount has resulted in the discovery of four rare benthic species, including three new species of glass sponge.

Recent research at the seamount has resulted in the discovery of four rare benthic species, including three new species of glass sponge.

The bay has more diverse benthic species than have been detected elsewhere in the country.

Recent research at the seamount has resulted in the discovery of four rare benthic species, including three new species of glass sponges.

Commercial fishing for benthic and demersal species is restricted to a depth of about 1500 m.

Its oligotrophic waters contain over 200 endemic species with high levels of endemism for benthic species in particular, including algae, diatoms, turbellarian flatworms, snails, crustaceans and 17 endemic species of fish.