When restated for this item, operating expenses were 3.2% higher, generating a positive jaws effect.

In 2007, our studies showed the coming changes in the Private Banking and Wealth management and the scissor effect affecting the sector players.

Then there was a scissor effect with the entry of the eastern member states and the end of customs duties with an increase in trade agreements.

We are faced with a chisel effect which could become dramatic if nothing is done to improve the appeal of the teaching professions" reiterates Emmanuel Mercier.

We are faced with a chisel effect which could become dramatic if nothing is done to improve the appeal of the teaching professions" reiterates Emmanuel Mercier.

Rest assured, prices will go back up, and then back down, until, in the end, oil comes to be regarded as useless toxic waste.

Jacques Bonifay, CEO of Transatel, and president of MVNO Europe and Alternative Mobile states, “Inevitably, it is going to produce a margin squeeze for mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) and small operators.

Jacques Bonifay, CEO of Transatel, and president of MVNO Europe and Alternative Mobile states, “Inevitably, it is going to produce a margin squeeze for mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) and small operators.

This scissor effect explains the continued increase in residential property prices per m2 in Paris in 2018 (2018 forecasts: growth in price per m2 of approximately 8% in Paris).

The scissor effect indicates a blanking that does not occur simultaneously along the entire cutting line, but works the sheet progressively, just like the scissors cutting a sheet of paper, thus avoiding excessive pressure.

Operating expenses remained under control, amounting over the same period to EUR -4,526 million (+2.8%), resulting in a positive jaws effect despite a EUR 60 million restructuring provision write-back in 2017.

In 2017–2018, it is interesting to note the scissor effect between the French 10-year OAT rate and inflation.