The constant voltage element includes a varistor (6), a Zener diode (7), an avalanche diode, and a combination of the Zener diode (7) and a self-turn-off semiconductor element such as, for example, an IGBT and a MOSFET.
The first diode is an avalanche breakdown diode having an avalanche breakdown voltage lower than or about equal to a breakdown voltage associated with the base and the collector of the bipolar transistor.
impact avalanche and transit diode (IMPATT—IMPact Avalanche and Transit Time).
Another mechanism that produces a similar effect is the avalanche effect as in the avalanche diode.
The transmitter includes an IMpact Avalanche Transit Time (IMPATT) diode oscillator, a mixer, a filter and an amplifier.
The constant voltage element includes a varistor (6), a Zener diode (7), an avalanche diode, and a combination of the Zener diode (7) and a self-turn-off semiconductor element such as, for example, an IGBT and a MOSFET.
The diode is then biased to a voltage level exceeding the avalanche breakdown threshold level such that, upon receipt of a photon, avalanche breakdown occurs.
The switch device also comprises electrical connection leads (128) bonded to the conductive layer (110) over each avalanche diode.
The detector pixels include cells (202) that include an avalanche photodiode (208) and a readout circuit (210).
As a result, the amount of light received on the GAPD (2) can be maintained uniformly.
Avalanche noise generated from an avalanche diode, or Zener breakdown noise from a reverse-biased Zener diode.
Avalanche noise generated from an avalanche diode, or Zener breakdown noise from a reverse-biased zener diode.
Techniques and apparatus for using single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) devices in various applications.
A photon detector includes a semiconductor device (10), such as a Schottky barrier diode, which has an avalanche breakdown characteristic The diode is cooled to cryogenic temperatures to eliminate thermally generated charge carriers from the device.
In particular, the passive switching circuit preferably comprises a spark gap, thyristor and avalanche diode, breakover diode, discharge tube, or a thyristor operated as breakover diodes.
Requêtes fréquentes français :1-200, -1k, -2k, -3k, -4k, -5k, -7k, -10k, -20k, -40k, -100k, -200k, -500k, -1000k,
Requêtes fréquentes anglais :1-200, -1k, -2k, -3k, -4k, -5k, -7k, -10k, -20k, -40k, -100k, -200k, -500k, -1000k,
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