Restoring force parallel to the surface per unit area is called tangential stress.

In particular, the method requires creating a residual tangential stress at a bore radius (a) of a vessel (10) such that the stress under load is more compressive than a maximum applied internal pressure (pi).

This test enables us to compute the soil’s shear strength as a relationship between the tangential stress τ (T/S) and the normal stress σN (N/S) on the failure surface (S: test tube surface).

This flow rate of movement quantity is none other than the opposite of the tangential stress [9] τ, or force per unit area, exerted by the fluid on the wall (Read How the material is deformed: fluids and solids).

Other shear stress response genes are also modulated by shear stress, such as toxin receptors megalin and cubulin (gp280).

The shear rate is then determined from the velocity profile, and the shear stress is determined from the pressure gradient.

The composition is substantially free of insoluble fatty acid soap and has a viscosity of at least 5000 Pas at a shear stress of 0.01 Pa at 25 °C.

The shear stress versus shear rate curve can thereby be obtained from a single nuclear magnetic resonance image taken at a specific value of the pressure gradient.

The shear stress treated carrageenan product shows a maximum swelling temperature of at the most 85 °C and exhibits a light transmission of at least 5 % and has a cellulose content of at least 0.5 % by weight.