Marketing and sales costs (promotion, retailing network margin…)

58% of small businesses saw a reduction in the cost of marketing efforts by using social media.

Marketing and administration costs were down 20 bps.

The fifth benefit, no less important, is the reduction of fungal diseases.

The R&D and other costs to construct complex new algorithmic orders types, along with the execution infrastructure, and marketing costs to distribute them, are fairly substantial.

The R D and other costs to construct complex new algorithmic orders types, along with the execution infrastructure, and marketing costs to distribute them, are fairly substantial.

Marketing spend +60 basis points; consumer facing spend +15% in constant currencies