The sample is worked up in an apparatus including a sample flow chamber, a filtrate flow chamber and a filter connecting said sample flow chamber with said filtrate flow chamber.

Each of the highly stressed blades has a front flow chamber (27), at least one middle flow chamber (28), and a rear flow chamber (29).

The hubs are immovably mounted on journals mounted in bearings, wherein the bearing bodies are fixed on the outside of a flow chamber, and the flow chamber has a cylindrical shape.

The flow valve 14 includes a fluid flow chamber 40 for receiving granular materials exiting the dispensing chamber 12.

The blades may be formed integrally with the hubs, but may also be in the form of an arc of a circle, wherein the flow chamber will be in the form of a rectilineal cylinder.

The flow channels extend from an outside perimeter of the stacked disks to the central flow chamber.

Each tortuous flow path (31) is defined by a pair of flow chamber plates (24, 26), and an orifice plate (281) sandwiched between the flow chamber plates (24, 26).

The interior of each of the flow chambers, or at least of one flow chamber, is divided into a large number of medium-flow passages, which are connected in parallel with respect to the flow of medium passing therethrough.

A first flow chamber (15.2) and a directly adjacent second flow chamber (15.3) are formed here from three parallel plates (16.1, 16.2, 16.3).

The filter chamber (120) may extend perpen- dicularly from the flow chamber (122).

The fluid inlet is in communication with the flow chamber.

The flow field (4) has coolant (K) flowing through it.

Aspects of the systems include a flow-through chamber and an immobilization component configured to immobilize, preferably reversibly, a particle within the flow-through chamber.

In some examples, the flow chamber includes an inlet port defining a flow nozzle that is configured to direct fluid entering the flow chamber against the optical window of the sensor head.

The flow chamber includes an inlet port and an outlet port.