The living cell to be used may be a cell in culture.

Also disclosed is a method of producing an enzyme capable of degrading dextran, starch, mutan, inulin and levan, which comprises culturing the cell, expressing the enzyme in the cell and purifying the enzyme.

Also disclosed is a method of producing an enzyme capable of degrading amylopectin, starch, glycogen and amylose, which comprises culturing the cell, expressing the enzyme in the cell and purifying the enzyme.

For example, in one embodiment, a cell in culture is transfected with a target gene by contacting the cell in culture with a polynucleotide (that contains the target gene) attached to a translocating polypeptide.

A round of cell growth and proliferation in cell culture.

Passage—A round of cell growth and proliferation in cell culture.

The one or more regulatory agents are translocated into the cell in culture and interact therein with the one or more regulatory elements to modulate expression of the target gene product by the cell.

The in vivo mimicking environment is based on the generation of a tissue-specific extracellular matrix wherein the matrix provides a substrate for which the cultured cell originated from.

The invention provides methods for modulating a cellular process by contacting a cell in culture with a cell process-modifying molecule attached to a translocating polypeptide.