The multiple horizontal transfer electrodes include, at least, a first horizontal transfer electrode and a second horizontal transfer electrode.

Disclosed is a powder coating apparatus (100) which is provided with an insulating plate (7) between a screen electrode (1) and a transfer electrode (3).

The invention concerns an auxiliary, electrochemical, transfer electrode to catalyze the recombination of such oxygen with the anode mass.

Provided is method for driving a solid imaging device, in which a reading voltage can be reduced even in the case where a miniaturization advances so that a transfer electrode adjacent to a read electrode is smaller than the read electrode.

A first layer vertical transfer electrode is formed on the second silicon oxide film above the vertical transfer channel, and an insulating film if formed on the surface of the first layer vertical transfer electrode.