Severe and irreversible damage of the brain provoked by the shock and the penetration of a captive bolt.

Severe and irreversible damage of the brain provoked by the shock and the penetration of a captive bolt.

(b) When using a captive bolt instrument, the operator must check to ensure that the bolt retracts to its full extent after each shot.

For animals of bovine species, restraining boxes used in conjunction with a pneumatic captive bolt shall be fitted with a device that restricts both the lateral and vertical movement of the head of the animal.

But when confronted to stunning boxes, cattle prods, electrical tongs, metal bars and captive bolt pistols, how could any animal escape?

Witnesses (and video footage) document horses subjected to a sharp blow to the head from the captive-bolt gun three or four times before they are rendered unconscious for exsanguination.