The emitters of the bipolar signal converters are coupled to a selectable current source and the collectors of the bipolar signal converters are coupled to complementary bit lines.

Isolation Amplifiers for Bipolar Signal Processing

The third and fourth voltage potentials are coupled to the bases of two bipolar signal converters.

Bipolar signals are also processed when distances are measured or for better resolution of measurement signals.

The third and fourth ECL voltage potentials are chosen such that they ensure that the bipolar signal converters are not driven into saturation.

Disturbances in bipolar signals transmitted on a transmission line are suppressed by adjusting the amplitude of the signal with coarse adjustment steps and with fine adjustment steps.

Two or more phases of substantially square-wave bipolar signals arise directly in travelling wave transmission-line embodiments compatible with semiconductor fabrication including CMOS.

Where the test equipment (1) is used to insert the test data into the diverted circuit, provision is made to avoid the introduction of bipolar-coding violations into bipolar signals carried by the circuit.

An apparatus (10) for correcting imperfectly equalized bipolar signals includes a delay line (12) having a reset control, and an AND gate (14), and a one-shot multivibrator (16).

This method includes forming a pair of three-level bipolar signals Copq(2πkp/q) and Sipq(2πkp/q) according to special three-level wave functions popq(Ζ) represented by two orthogonal constituents: popq(Ζ) = copq(Ζ) + i sipq(Ζ).