An electro-active phoropter (200) and a method of using the electro-active phoropter to measure a patient’s vision prescription is disclosed.

A first reflector, through which the light from objects behind the vehicle is passing, is mounted on the inlet of the first housing and diminishes the image of the objects.

Likewise, the imager may be refractive, reflective and/or catadioptric.

The optical device or lens assembly can be mechanically, adhesively, or magnetically coupled to a phoropter or can be built into the phoropter as an integrated add¬ on lens assembly.

The electro-active phoropter includes a series of individually addressable electro-active lenses (220, 230).

The reference lens has a light-condensing function, and the close-contact lens has an area that provides positive refractive power and an area that provides negative refractive power.

The prismatic lens and the reflector/refractor device are formed of a silicone material.

The invention may be incorporated into a phoropter or a hand-held device.

The image refractor incorporates at least two prisms through which the acuity target is viewed.

The doctor uses a phoropter instrument for this test.

Due to not having lenses there is no chromatic aberration

The refractor can be a composite of layers, solid or nested fluid layers.

In this case, image light emerging from the exit surface of the optical guide obliquely upward to the left is refracted by a refractor in a direction perpendicular to the exit surface of the refractor.

The device may comprise a tapered light guide, a front refractor and a back reflector.

The apparatus further includes at least one filter which is removably placeable in viewing alignment with the viewing tube of the refractor.