Strange matter is composed of up, down, and strange quarks

There are up quarks, down quarks, and strange quarks.

Thus we have up quarks, down quarks, charm quarks, strange quarks, and so on.

In the recent past, there is evidence that also hadrons with more than 3 quarks exist and are called tetraquarks (4) and pentaquarks (5).

Study of hadrons made of more than 3 quarks, called tetraquarks (4 quarks) and pentaquarks (5 quarks).

There are also the antimatter counterparts of the quarks, called antiquarks.

The first family of quarks are the up and down quarks, the second contains the strange and "charmed" quarks, and the third the "bottom" and "top" quarks.

Oh, and there are also antimatter versions of quarks, called antiquarks.

Quarks that make the quantum number of hadrons are named ‘valence quarks’.

Nucleons are comprised of combinations of up and down quarks.

Protons and neutrons are composed of two types: up quarks and down quarks.

Protons and neutrons consist of two types of quarks, called “up quarks” and “down quarks.

The quarks which determine the quantum number of hadrons are called "valence quarks".

Quarks that make the quantum number of hadrons are named 'valence quarks'.

This quark model also allows the existence of other quark composite states, such as pentaquarks composed of four quarks and an antiquark.