After hydration, the structure has a porosity wherein at least 50 % by volume of the total porosity is formed by channels with an open cross section of more than 500 νm2.

High insulating materials have a total porosity of at least 45 %.

The anion diffusion accessible porosity equals 50 – 60 % of the total porosity, independent on the ionic strength of the porewater.

Total-porosity is determined using porosity-logs, such as density, neutron and sonic logs.

The apparatus may include an NMR tool configured to acquire NMR signals indicative to an inorganic porosity and NMR signals indicative of a total porosity for a volume of interest in an earth formation.

Total porosity and storage capability are difficult to characterize when multiple storage mechanisms are present.

The amount of air required in the substrate is going to depend mostly on its total porosity.

The total and flow porosities of single fractures from Stripa were determined in the laboratory using a resin impregnation technique.

A total gas-in-place estimate is made using the determined total porosity and the estimated water saturation.

In another embodiment, the refractory material has total porosity in the range of from 4 to 60 vol%.

In one embodiment the total porosity is greater than 50 % and the mean pore diameter is less than 5 μm.

After clay-volume and total-porosity are determined, sand volume (quartz, feldspar, mica…) is the remaining part in the bulk formation evaluated, see Fig. 5.

Disclosed is a process for producing ceramic particles, such as proppants, that have at least 10 percent total porosity.

This is also a fraction between 0 and 1, but it must also be less than or equal to the total porosity.

The article may have a total porosity of at least about fifty-five percent, above sixty percent, or even above sixty-five percent.