The present inventors have discovered that chorismate mutase and chorismate synthase are essential for plant growth.

The significance of the co-factor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase (E.C. 5.4.2.1.) derives from the fact that it results in the cross-sensitisation of patients.

It is also an intermediate in the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase (EC 5.4.2.1).

The inventors have proven that chorismate synthase and chorismate mutase can be used as targets for the identification of herbicides.

Structural and biochemical characterization of N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase and N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase from Staphylococcus aureus.

In mammals, cobalamin is a cofactor for only two enzymes, methionine synthase and L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (2).

Isomerization: the movement of the phosphate group catalyzed by phosphoglycerate mutase occurs from position 3 to position 2.

In mammals, cobalamin is a cofactor for only two enzymes, methionine synthase (MS) and L-methylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase (MUT).

These are produced by culturing cells, enginnered to express propionyl-CoA carboxylase and/or methyl-malonyl-CoA mutase.

In mammals, cobalamin is a cofactor for only two enzymes, methionine synthase and L-methylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase (2).

The dTDP-β-D-fucofuranose is synthesized by using reductase Fcf1 and mutase Fcf2 in the gram-negative bacteria.

In addition, the methods of the invention are useful for the identification of compounds that stimulate the expression or function of chorismate synthase or chorismate mutase expression or function.

Thus, the invention provides methods for the identification of chemicals that modulate chorismate synthase and chorismate mutase biochemical reactions.

The disease is caused by complete deficiency in the activity of the mitochondrial enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase which is a result of mutations in the MUT gene (6p21).

Compounds of the invention inhibit UDP- galactopyranose mutase (UGM) and have activity to attenuate virulence of pathogenic microorganisms, including mycobacteria.