The stiffness of the frame is greater than the stiffness of the mirror.

Pipe stiffness is therefore independent from the stiffness of the accessory.

Cell rigidity controllers control the rigidity of the cells.

In addition, at least one of the vertical stiffness or the horizontal stiffness may be tunable by adjusting a stiffness-related parameter of the damper stack.

The stiffness of the device overall is a combination of a mechanical stiffness provided by for instance a leaf spring and the stiffness of a piezoelectric device.

In this way, the transverse stiffness can be increased while the radial stiffness remains more or less unchanged.

Preferably, the greater stiffness of the larger surface of the folds is a shape stiffness, obtained shaping said surface with a stiffening step-rib (A-C), having rounded-off edges, projecting outwards of the container.

The method for validating a flow calibration factor of a flow meter further includes detecting a calibration error condition responsive to comparing the initial flexural stiffness to the current flexural stiffness.

The method for validating a flow calibration factor of a flow meter further includes comparing the initial flexural stiffness to the current flexural stiffness.

Assessment of track stiffness

the result of coupler tightness

Further, the stiffness of the central bellows (32) is relatively high, whereas the stiffnesses of the upstream bellows (31) and the downstream bellows (33) are relatively low.

Thus, the suspension stiffness is divided into mechanical stiffness and magnetic stiffness, thereby reducing any adverse influence of the wires on the suspension accuracy.

The vertical rigidity of the vertical supporting element is not lower than the vertical rigidity of the guide element (3).

The characteristics measured include the principal planar oscillation plane, oscillation frequency, stiffness asymmetry, relative stiffness, torsional stiffness, shaft length, shaft straightness and tip angle.