A service consumer is connected to the local reflected network image (176) of the service producer (130) connected to the producer local area network (105).

When the user attempts to access a second service provider that is associated with the same identity provider, the second service provider accesses the identity provider and determines that the user was recently authenticated.

A gaining hosting provider may sign DNS records of the domain with the gaining hosting provider DNSKEY prior to transferring the domain from the losing hosting provider to the gaining hosting provider.

The service provider redirects the user to an identity provider, providing a virtual address for the identity provider.

recipient roaming provider means a roaming provider, that will provide roaming services instead of roaming services currently provided by the donor roaming provider after the change of roaming provider

The user provider and the agent provider have a pre-established trusted relationship.

Elements and Features Required Provider A Provider B Provider C

At least one provider data rating generated from performance data comprising provider data gathered from a provider is received (1220, 22).

The test provider is a service provider arranging for the administration of testing.

Right to switch and rules on switching-related fees

Each content provider is issued with a content provider authorisation certificate (120).

A system is described comprising a service provider and an identity provider.

The system includes a mobile device, a content provider, and an advertisement provider.

The ISP (5) may be a financial service provider or have a secure communication link to a financial service provider.

The first provider node is an intermediate network node on a first provider network of a first service provider different from the customer.