Economic development has an inverse U relationship to migration.

Figure 2 shows a ‘u-curve’ cost optimization for integration efforts.

Trading volume typically forms a U-shaped curve throughout the day.

The findings suggest moving away from simple measures of entrepreneurship across countries illustrating a U-shaped or L-shaped relationship to more complex measures, which are positively related to development.

But this U-turn pattern is far from universal, as Figure 19.4 showed.

As a curved image conversion method for converting a curved image rapidly into a plane image, the curved image formed by a fisheye lens is converted into a plane image.

The bottom of the U-shape occurs at the quantity that minimizes average total cost.

Note that the bottom of the U-shape occurs at the quantity that minimizes the average total cost.

Similarly, do not use any U-bends that forces the Orgone to change directions from an upward to a downward run.

This high-amplitude U-shaped curve is central to Piketty’s argument.